A Peek inside Data-Driven Autonomous Future
New vehicles on the road already leverage some autonomous features such as adaptive cruise control and automatic parking. Some automakers say fully autonomous vehicles could be on road within the next decade. Here is a sneak peek inside the data driven autonomous future.
Infographics Source: Westerm Digital
Level 0, No Automation: This describes your everyday car.
Level 1, Driver Assistance: Usage of adaptive cruise control and lane keep assist systems to assist drivers but still require the driver to be in control.
Level 2, Partial Automation: Level 2 automation can assist in controlling speed and steering. It will help with stop-and-go traffic by maintaining the distance between you and the vehicle in front of you.
Level 3, Conditional Automation: Vehicles are capable of driving themselves, but only under ideal conditions and with limitations, such as limited-access divided highways at a certain speed. Although hands are off the wheel, drivers are still required behind the wheel.
Level 4, High Automation: Vehicles can drive themselves without human interactions but will be restricted to known use cases.
Level 5, Full Automation: Vehicles should be able to monitor and maneuver through all road conditions and require no human interventions whatsoever, eliminating the need for a steering wheel and pedals.
The main components of the autonomous vehicle can be categorised into hardware and software. Hardware splits broadly into sensors, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) technology, and actuators. Software splits broadly into processes for perception, planning, and control.
The hardware components of the autonomous car enable the car to perform such functions as see, communicate, and move whereas the software is like the brain, which processes information about the environment so that the car understands what action to take — whether to move, stop, slow down, etc.
Self-driving systems create and maintain an internal map of their surroundings, based on a wide array of sensors, like radar.
Software then processes those inputs, plots a path, and sends instructions to the vehicle’s actuators, which control acceleration, braking, and steering.
Hard-coded rules, obstacle avoidance algorithms, predictive modeling, and smart object discrimination help the software follow traffic rules and navigate obstacles.
Once cars will reach full autonomy, it is estimated to reduce road fatalities by up to 94 percent and decrease in insurance premiums by as much as 12.5 percent by 2035.
(Image Source: Western Digital)
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